Gillicus

Gill-ee-cuss.
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Name

Gillicus

Phonetic

Gill-ee-cuss.

Named By

Edward Drinker Cope‭ ‬-‭ ‬1875.

Classification

Chordata,‭ ‬Actinopterygii,‭ ‬Osteoglossomorpha,‭ ‬Ichthyodectiformes,‭ ‬Ichthyodectidae,‭ ‬Ichthyodectinae.

Diet

Carnivore.

Species

G.‭ ‬arcuatus

Size

2‭ ‬meters long.

Known locations

USA.

Time Period

Coniacian through to the Maastrichtian of the Cretaceous.

Fossil representation

Numerous specimens.

In Depth

       Gillicus was related to another Cretaceous bony fish, ‭‬Xiphactinus,‭ ‬and with it shared a streamlined body with a strongly upturned mouth.‭ ‬These characteristic features have led both fish to be compared to the modern day Tarpon,‭ ‬although neither of them are actually related to it.

       Gillicus had several small sharp teeth in its mouth and is thought to have used them filter zoo plankton.‭ ‬It is also thought by some to have eaten smaller fish by sucking them into its mouth with a vacuum when the jaws suddenly opened.‭ ‬Gillicus however was towards the bottom of the food chain,‭ ‬even being preyed upon by its larger relative Xiphactinus.‭ ‬A well-known specimen shows an entire Gillicus inside the belly of the Xiphactinus,‭ ‬although it may have ended up killing the larger predator though internal injury caused by its thrashing about inside.‭ ‬Gillicus would have also been prey to the sharks and mosasuars that were also active at the time and location.

Further Reading

– On the occurrence of Gillicus arcuatus (Cope, 1875) (Pisces, Ichthyodectiformes) in Mexico. – Boletin de la Sociedad Geologica Mexicana vol 61, issue 2. – Jes�s Alvarado-Ortega & H�ctor Porras- M�zquiz – 2009.

SPECIES SPOTLIGHT